the bible, new American standard
from the American Standard Version (ASV) bible (1901)
book of revelation, chapter 6
Revelation 6
chapter 6
And I saw when the Lamb broke one of the seven seals, and I heard one of th four living creatures saying as with a voice of thunder, “Come.”
2 And I looked, and behold, a white horse, and he who sat on it had a bow; and a crown was given to him; and he went out conquering, and to conquer.
3 And when HE broke the second seal, I heard the second living creature saying, “Come.”
4 And another, a red horse, went out; and to him who sat on it, it was granted to take peace from the earth, and that men should slay one another; and a great sword was given to him.
5 And when He broke the third seal, I heard the third living creature saying, “Come.” And I looked and behold, a black horse; and he who sat on it had a pair of scales in his hand.
6 And I heard as it were a voice in the center of the four living creatures saying, “A 8quart of wheat for a 9denarius, and three quarts of barley for a denarius; and do not harm the oil and the wine.”
7 And when He broke the fourth seal, I heard the voice of the fourth living creature saying, “Come.”
8 And I looked, and behold, an ashen horse; and he who sat on it had the name Death; and Hades was following with him. And authority was given to them over a fourth of the earth, to kill with sword and with famine and with pestilence and by the wild beasts of the earth.
9 And when He broke the fifth seal, I saw underneath the alter the souls of those who had been slain because of the word of God, and because of the testimony which they had maintained;
8 Gr., choenix; i.e., a dry measure almost equal to a quart
9 the denarius was equivalent to one day's wage
‘’•─“”
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Bible,
new testament
with Psalms & Proverbs
Good News Translation (GNT)
today' English version copyright American bible society 1966, 1971, 1976, 1992
maps copyright united bible societies, 1976, 1978
printed in United States of America
Eng. N.T. Ps. & Pr. GNT333 ─ SI 112770 (1051102)
Revelation 6
book of revelation, chapter 6
6 Then I saw the Lamb break open the first of the seven seals, and I heard one of the four living creatures say in a voice that sounded like thunder, “Come!”
2 I looked, and there was a white horse. Its rider held a bow, and he was given a crown. He rode out as a conqueror to conquer.
3 Then the Lamb broke open the second seal; and I heard the second living creatures say, “Come!” 4 Another horse came out, a red one. Its rider was given the power to bring war on the earth, so that people should kill each other. He was given a large sword.
5 Then the Lamb broke open the third seal; and I heard the third living creatures say, “Come!” I looked, and there was a black horse. Its rider held a pair of scales in his hand. 6 I heard what sounded like a voice coming from among the four living creatures, which said, “A quart of wheat for a day's wages, and three quarts of barley for a day's wages. But do not damage the olive trees and the vineyards!”
7 The the Lamb broke open the fourth seal; and I heard the fourth living creature say, “Come!” 8 I looked, and there was a pale-colored horse. Its rider was named Death, and Hades c followed close behind. They were given authority over one fourth of the earth, to kill by means of war, famine, disease, and wild animals.
9 Then the Lamb broke open the fifth seal. I saw underneath the altar the souls of those who had been killed because they had proclaimed God's word and had been faithful in their witnessing. 10 They shouted in a loud voice, “Almighty Lord, holy and true! How long will it be until you judge the people on earth and punish them for killing us?”
c Hades : the world of the dead (see 1.18).
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The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Bible, Douay-Rheims Version
The Apocalypse of St. John the Apostle
Chapter 6
THE APOCALYPSE OF ST. JOHN THE APOSTLE
In the first, second, and third chapters of this Book are contained
instructions and admonitions which St. John was commanded to write to
the seven bishops of the churches in Asia. And in the following
chapters, to the end, are contained prophecies of things that are to
come to pass in the Church of Christ, particularly towards the end of
the world, in the time of Antichrist. It was written in Greek, in the
island of Patmos, where St. John was in banishment by order of the
cruel emperor Domitian, about sixty-four years after our Lord’s
Ascension.
Apocalypse Chapter 6
What followed upon opening six of the seals.
6:1. And I saw that the Lamb had opened one of the seven seals: and I
heard one of the four living creatures, as it were the voice of
thunder, saying: Come and see.
6:2. And I saw: and behold a white horse, and he that sat on him had a
bow, and there was a crown given him, and he went forth conquering that
he might conquer.
White horse.... He that sitteth on the white horse is Christ, going
forth to subdue the world by his gospel. The other horses that follow
represent the judgments and punishment that were to fall on the enemies
of Christ and his church. The red horse signifies war; the black horse,
famine; and the pale horse (which has Death for its rider), plagues or
pestilence.
6:3. And when he had opened the second seal, I heard the second living
creature saying: Come and see.
6:4. And there went out another horse that was red. And to him that sat
thereon, it was given that he should take peace from the earth: and
that they should kill one another. And a great sword was given to him.
6:5. And when he had opened the third seal, I heard the third living
creature saying: Come and see. And behold a black horse. And he that
sat on him had a pair of scales in his hand.
6:6. And I heard, as it were a voice in the midst of the four living
creatures, saying: Two pounds of wheat for a penny, and thrice two
pounds of barley for a penny: and see thou hurt not the wine and the
oil.
6:7. And when he had opened the fourth seal, I heard the voice of the
fourth living creature saying: Come and see.
6:8. And behold a pale horse: and he that sat upon him, his name was
Death. And hell followed him. And power was given to him over the four
parts of the earth, to kill with sword, with famine and with death and
with the beasts of the earth.
6:9. And when he had opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar the
souls of them that were slain for the word of God and for the testimony
which they held.
Under the altar.... Christ, as man, is this altar, under which the
souls of the martyrs live in heaven, as their bodies are here deposited
under our altars.
6:10. And they cried with a loud voice, saying: How long, O Lord (Holy
and True), dost thou not judge and revenge our blood on them that dwell
on the earth?
Revenge our blood.... They ask not this out of hatred to their enemies,
but out of zeal for the glory of God, and a desire that the Lord would
accelerate the general judgment, and the complete beatitude of all his
elect.
6:11. And white robes were given to every one of them one; And it was
said to them that they should rest for a little time till their fellow
servants and their brethren, who are to be slain even as they, should
be filled up.
6:12. And I saw, when he had opened the sixth seal: and behold there
was a great earthquake. And the sun became black as sackcloth of hair:
and the whole moon became as blood.
6:13. And the stars from heaven fell upon the earth, as the fig tree
casteth its green figs when it is shaken by a great wind.
6:14. And the heaven departed as a book folded up. And every mountain,
and the islands, were moved out of their places.
6:15. And the kings of the earth and the princes and tribunes and the
rich and the strong and every bondman and every freeman hid themselves
in the dens and in the rocks of mountains:
6:16. And they say to the mountains and the rocks: Fall upon us and
hide us from the face of him that sitteth upon the throne and from the
wrath of the Lamb.
6:17. For the great day of their wrath is come. And who shall be able
to stand?
source:
The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Bible, Douay-Rheims Version
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•─ Albrecht Dürer's 1498 woodcut of the four horsemen of the apocalypse.85
Keith Houston, The book: a cover-to-cover exploration of the most powerful object of our time, 2016
pp.195─197
The artistry of woodcuts themselves accelerated, and by the turn of the 15th century the “easily multipled” woodcut print had attracted a host of virtuoso artists. In 1498, an up-and-coming German illustrator named Albrecht Dürer published a set of astonishingly defailed woodcuts depicting the events of the Book of Revelation.82 Dürer Apocolypse, as the prints were called, displayed both artistic flair and business acumen. Though his medium was effectively a binary surface ── each area of a print was either inked or black, “on” or “off” ── Dürer conjured up an incredible range of shadings and texture. Surfaces and shadows were defined with contoured lines or dimpled with flicks of a chisel-like tool called the graver; his work transcended woodcut's coloring-book roots so completely that the famed Renaissance scholar Erasmus wrote that to add color would “injure the work”.83 Apocalype was a canny marketing ploy too, simultaneously stoking and benefiting fromt he midmillennial hysteria that gripped Europe in the last years of the 15th century.84 When preachers called out from their pulpits that the Last judgement was nigh, Dürer's woodcuts could be relied upon to demonstrate in exquisite and terrifying detail just how the end times were going to play out.
p.196 [un numbered page]
Albrecht Dürer's 1498 woodcut of the four horsemen of the apocalypse.85
p.197
As Dürer pushed the limits of what was possible with simple black-and-white prints, another German sought to free woodcut from its monochrome rut: Hans Burgkmair is credited with pioneering the multiblock technique that came to be known as chiaroscuro, or “light-dark” printing.86
Dürer
·‘’•─“”
( Keith Houston, The book: a cover-to-cover exploration of the most powerful object of our time, Keith Houston (shadycharacter.co.uk), 2016, 002.09 Houston, )
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‘’•─“”
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πόλλ' οἶδ' ἀλώπηξ,ἀλλ' ἐχῖνος ἓν μέγα πόλλ' οἶδ' ἀλώπηξ,ἀλλ' ἐχῖνος ἓν μέγα
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